All things considered, for new shooters learning the fundamentals of shooting a handgun, a .22 caliber target pistol with a 4-6 inch barrel is going to be your best choice. The ammunition is very inexpensive so cost is not prohibitive to practice shooting. The recoil is very slight compared to other, larger calibers, and they are highly accurate pistols. The .22 caliber handgun is available in both revolver and semi-automatic versions and can be used for a variety of tasks from target shooting to just plain old plinking. Some say a .22 caliber is not adequate for home protection. Granted, a larger caliber would be more advantageous in certain circumstances, but a .22 can still be a lethal round. There is an old saying that a hit with a .22 beats a miss with a .44 every time. Walk before you run. If you are a beginning shooter, start with a .22 and after you become proficient then trade up to a larger caliber that may be better suited for specific tasks such as hunting or personal protection.